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Dr. Dominique M. Durand was born in
Monbazillac, France, in 1951. He received an
engineering degree from Ecole Nationale Superieure
d'Electronique, Hydrolique, Informatique et
Automatique de Toulouse, France, the M.S. degree in
biomedical engineering from Case Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
and a PhD degree in electrical engineering from the Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.,
Canada, in 1982. Neural Engineering is a new discipline at the interface between engineering and neuroscience. Neural Engineering research in my laboratory combines computational neuroscience, engineering and electrophysiology to solve problems in the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the CNS, the mechanisms of synchronization of neuronal activity during epilepsy are investigated using in-vitro brain slice preparations, in-vivo multiple electrode recording and computer models. The interaction between applied currents and neuronal tissue are studied to determine the feasibility of controlling seizures in patients with epilepsy. In the peripheral nervous system, novel nerve electrodes are being developed capable of stimulating and recording neuronal activity selectively. This neural interfacing methodology is applied to the hypoglossal nerve to restore patency in the airways in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and to design neural prostheses for patients with spinal cord injury and stroke. Computer simulations of both neurons and volume conductors are used in conjunction with the experiments for the quantitative analysis of neural systems and to design new electrodes for interfacing with the nervous system. RECENT PUBLICATIONSP.B. Yoo and D.M. Durand: Effects of Selective Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation on Canine Upper Airway Mechanics, Journal of Applied Physiology, 99(3):937-43, 2005 Z. Feng and D.M. Durand: Propagation of low-calcium non-synaptic induced epileptiform activity to the contralateral hippocampus in-vivo, Brain Research, 1055 (1-2):25-35, 2005 Huang J., Sahin M. and DM Durand, Dilation of the oropharynx via selective stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2 (2005) 73–80, 2005 Z. Lertmanorat and D.M. Durand: Electrode array for reversing the recruitment order of peripheral nerve stimulation: Experimental studies, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Jan;34(1):152-60, 2006 E.H. Park and D.M. Durand: Role of Potassium Lateral Diffusion in Non-synaptic Epilepsy: A Computational Study, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 238: 666-682, 2006 Z. Feng and DM Durand Effects of Potassium Concentration on Firing Patterns of Low-Calcium Epileptiform Activity in Anesthetized Rat Hippocampus --- Inducing Persistent Spike Activity, 47(4):727-36, Epilepsia, 2006 D.E. Leventhal and DM Durand: Chronic histological effects of the flat interface nerve electrode, 3:102-113, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2006 A. Jensen and DM Durand: Suppression of axonal conduction by sinusoidal stimulation in rat Hippocampus, Journal of Neural Engineering, 4, 2007 W. Tesfayesus and D.M. Durand Blind Source Separation of Peripheral Nerve Recordings. In Press, Journal of Neural Engineering, 2007
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